Network Discovery Protection

Common methods hackers use to compromise websites

1. Website`s IP: Anyone can legally find a website’s IP address using nslookup command

   Best Practices

   • Use a CDN (e.g., Cloudflare) to hide the origin server IP

   • Restrict direct IP access using firewall rules

   • Allow traffic only from trusted CDN IP ranges

2. Scan the IP for open ports:
   
   Best Practices

   • Close all unused ports

   • Use a stateful firewall to allow only required ports (e.g., 80/443)

   • Change default service ports where appropriate

   • Enable port scan detection and blocking

   • Regularly audit open ports using internal scans

     
     

3. Analyze the services exposed on open ports; a potentially vulnerable web server may be listening on port 80:
   
   Best Practices

   • Keep web servers and software fully patched

   • Disable directory listing and unnecessary modules

   • Use secure configurations (HTTPS, strong ciphers)

   • Run services with least-privilege permissions

   • Perform regular vulnerability assessments

     
     

4. Attempt to leverage the exposed service to obtain access:
   
   Best Practices

   • Deploy a Web Application Firewall (WAF)

   • Use strong authentication and multi-factor authentication (MFA)

   • Enforce secure coding practices

   • Monitor logs and enable intrusion detection systems (IDS)

   • Conduct regular penetration testing
     

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